Making business decisions and ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Settling on business choices and morals - Essay Example Morals includes settling on choices among good and bad. Keeping all the standards and guidelines is something beneficial for a business undertaking, yet it doesn't imply that an individual is being moral. Morals are emotional and its application relies upon the condition. For instance an organization so as to boost investors riches chooses to terminate 1000 representatives. The move may be a savvy business move, yet a few people should seriously think about it exploitative on the grounds that the firm put jobless individuals that required those occupations. Moral gauges shift contingent upon the way of life. In numerous Asian nations offering off incentives to legislative authorities is seen by numerous individuals as a standard business practice. In the United States offering off an incentive is viewed as a dishonest demonstration. 2 In the typical course of settling on business choices, there are numerous cases where deciding the specific open door cost for a task or opportunity is unimaginable. The best at times one can seek after is having the option to ascertain a sensible gauge for explicit open door dependent on known boundaries and accepting certain results. For instance one may choose a half year prior that a particular procedure improvement venture for a product offering is better than putting resources into the advancement of another improved product offering, however subsequent to completing the procedure upgrades sudden changes in innovation essentially bring down the interest for the item making it out of date. There is a significant level of vulnerability in business and considers, for example, changes the monetary, social or business condition can detrimentally affect past suspicions .3. Increasing loan fees can have a negative impact in the capacity of a firm to get new financing since by and large financing costs will increment. In the event that the organizations current and long haul liabilities are under a variable intrigue the firm is comp letely presented to loan fee dangers, except if financing cost supporting is consolidated in the organization's budgetary structure. On the off chance that the firm has a fixed rate for their liabilities, an expansion in the loan fees will raise the market an incentive since it would exchange at a rebate however would not influence the book estimation of the obligation except if financing terms are altered or the risk is renegotiated. 4. A couple of years prior I worked at an association wherein there was totally a total absence of morals by the organization. The firm didn't put stock in approaching the workers with deference. Each pay cycle the organization would take hours worked from various representatives so as to pay them less. The installment of finance was in every case late. In some cases the finance would be late as much as half a month. The organization guaranteed paying creation motivating forces and afterward it chose not to pay them. This spot was a reproducing ground for untrustworthy conduct. 5. To me one of the greatest moral outrages over the most recent couple of decades is the Nike Corporation disaster. Nike Corporation is a firm that produces billions of dollars in deals every year. Toward the finish of the 1990’s Nike was engaged with the use of sweetshops to make its items. Envision an organization that charges on a significant number of its shoe models somewhere in the range of $100 and $150 paying its laborers a couple of pennies for every hour. It is oppressive and harsh. The laborers in these sweetshops were presented to awful working conditions. 6. Conceivably the greatest bookkeeping outrage throughout the entire existence of business is the Enron case. This case included an organization that damaged every single moral standard you can consider. The administrative staff of the organization was made out of a lot of criminals. Preceding the cost of the stock losing all its worth the administrators auctions off their offers uti lizing insider data. The annuity support was frightfully regulated since the organization contributed most of the benefits finance on Enron stocks. 7. To genuinely know whether a business choice is the best option accessible one must consider opportunity costs. Take for instance an individual that chooses to surrender his activity so as to open a frank stand. The business person is creating $2000 per month from the frank business. The individual is making a

Plan an awesome office holiday party

Plan a marvelous office occasion party In the event that you’re the one entrusted with arranging this year’s work occasion party, this isn't an assignment to be messed with. All things considered, you’ve got an entire year to go until the following one, and everybody consistently recalls how wonderful (or how horrible) the last large gathering was. It’s a ton of weight! Its likewise somewhat of a social and expert minefield, so we’ve got the tips to assist you with arranging the gathering that will keep everybody grinning until next year’s.Know your budget.Some organizations go all out for their vacation parties, leasing huge scenes and setting up elegant food. Different organizations go for a progressively unassuming undertaking, having it in the workplace or deciding on a money bar. It’s essential to know in advance what sort of spending plan you’re working with-is it a hot wings financial plan or a caviar spending plan? Also, this may rely upon what sort of year y our organization had. On the off chance that it wasn’t an extraordinary year and this year’s party spending plan is more smoothed out than years past, at that point recruiting a gigantic scene may be ridiculous, and the chocolate wellspring may need to sit tight for another event. The significant thing to recollect is that you can have some good times, all around arranged gathering regardless of how much cash you’re functioning with. It’s simply a question of setting practical expectations.Pick the privilege time.On TV and in films, occasion parties all appear to be on Christmas Eve, or presently previously. In actuality, the Dance of the Out of Office Messages can frequently begin a long time before the special seasons start. So to expand your vacation party swarm, pick a date prior in December. This has the advantage of getting individuals before they’re seasonal happiness ed out and furthermore feels increasingly comprehensive for whatever winte r occasions individuals happen to celebrate.The timing upon the arrival of the gathering is similarly as significant would you like to make them during work hours or is it a greater amount of a twilight undertaking? To an ever increasing extent, organizations are facilitating their gatherings during the work day to ensure that representatives can make it and don’t have clashes. Besides it tends to be extremely hard to book settings and cooking on ends of the week during the Christmas season, so hosting a gathering at, state, 3 p.m. on a Thursday or Friday may give you more alternatives (and cost flexibility).Send out welcomes as ahead of schedule as you can.As soon as you’ve got a date, time, and spot made sure about, convey the welcome. Most organization parties include all representatives, however in the event that you’re working with an increasingly select gathering (like a departmental occasion party), ensure you’re focusing on your particular welcome rundown when you can. What's more, be clear about who’s remembered for the welcome. On the off chance that it’s just representatives, say as much. In the event that companions or families are welcome, be clear about that as well.Choose your group wisely.Call it #HolidayPartySquadGoals. Ensure you have individuals arranged to support you, regardless of whether it’s backing you up on making scene or providing food courses of action or going about as an additional pair of hands to set up upon the arrival of. All things considered, you ought to get the chance to appreciate the merriments as well, and you don’t need the pressure of attempting to do everything totally all by yourself.Make sure everyone’s clear on the gathering desires and boundaries.Never overlook this is, most importantly, a work gathering, and everybody should even now be aware of the expert setting. On the off chance that there’s going to be liquor streaming, convey an update about any liquor approaches and perhaps a couple of connections to your nearby rideshare organizations to help ensure individuals return home securely. In the event that you need to confine things like drinking in advance, consider doing a money bar or offering drink tickets (limit 2) to ensure everyone’s having a good time however not all that much-while celebrating with managers and colleagues.Come up with something enjoyable to do.Sure, â€Å"let’s eat, drink, and commend the finish of the year† is a fine and revered occasion party movement. In any case, consider having a ton of fun or silly exercises if you’re going for a happy or less conventional gathering. Monstrous occasion sweaters are as yet having a second, so why not have a challenge for the most recoil instigating sweater? Or then again perhaps go for a vacation treat heat off, letting individuals acquire their best occasion treats. (It’s a success win, since free cookies!)Set aside so me an ideal opportunity for recognition.Just about each working environment has somebody who feels great getting up before a group and giving a toast or fast, sincere discourse, so this would be a decent an ideal opportunity to plan somebody to give some year-end comments. A touch of worker gratefulness goes far, and regardless of whether your organization doesn’t do blessings or extra checks, a couple of words about everyone’s difficult work during the time is consistently an invite expansion to the festivities.Whether your gathering will be at the Plaza or in the meeting room, being readied will help guarantee that you keep up your mental soundness and that you and your associates make some incredible memories being together and commending another profitable year. Merry Christmas, and cheerful arranging!

The Ecosystems At Risk Environmental Sciences Essay

The Ecosystems At Risk Environmental Sciences Essay A biological system is the dynamic connection of widely varied vegetation and miniaturized scale creature networks and their non-living environmental factors. Two profoundly particular biological systems are coral reefs and beach front hills. A case of a coral reef is the Great Barrier Reef which traverses about 2,300 kilometers making it the biggest reef on the planet. The reef is home to a scope of creatures and plants and is known for its assorted variety. Waterfront rises another particular biological system, is shaped through an enormous collection of sand situated behind the sea shore zone. Beach front ridges are known for having outrageous situations with just scarcely any greenery or fauna having the option to endure the conditions. Concerning the two biological systems, clarify the biophysical cooperations that lead to assorted environments and their working. Coral Reefs Environment Because of the area of the Great Barrier Reef, it faces both positive and negative connections with the environment. The reef lies in a zone named Australias Cyclone Zone, a territory hit by numerous wild tempests from quite a while ago. The level of effect on the reef is dependent upon the power and degree of the tempest. The harm happens because of the huge tempest waves that are created from solid breezes and low-pressure frameworks. The intense waves tear separated the more delicate coral and make chips and flaws in the harder coral. In extreme violent wind cases the entire reef biological system might be put under residue. Tropical violent winds are known for having vigorously actuated downpour cycles. The additional volume of new water implies that the saltiness of the reef biological system is then contorted, and influences coral development. The climate can likewise be a useful communication. For instance in 2006 Cyclone Larry that hit the shores of North Queensland. The viol ent wind struck the reef, however as opposed to causing destructing inside the environment, the typhoon forestalled mass coral fading from happening by bringing down the temperature of the water. Barometrical weights lead to more noteworthy working environments through adjustment. Lithosphere The Great Barrier Reef is helped in its working and changing by the lithosphere. The reef itself produces limestone. The limestone is endured and shipped all through the reef. The limestone is then ready to make new landforms like coral cay. The limestone is additionally utilized as a guard instrument by coral against the erosive waves. The passing of one coral is utilized as a stage for life for another coral. Another lithospheric factor influencing coral working is silt. Silt like sand can have the impact of obfuscating up the water of the reef bringing about expanded turbidity levels of the water. There is then less daylight entrance into the reef, influencing the procedure of photosynthesis and coral blanching is bound to happen. Hydrosphere The Great Barrier Reef will in general have best coral development when hydrosphere conditions are at their most prominent. For instance coral reefs will in general have ideal development when wave vitality is high. The wave vitality is broken by the reef through the toward the ocean, and produces a territory of serene, ensured water behind the reef. The waters of the Great Barrier Reef will in general stream a northerly way the greater part of the year, however during monsoonal seasons the type of the waters change, and there is an inversion toward the waters. The inversion permits the cooler southern sea ebb and flow to stream into the reef. The waters that run from the north are warm and high in saltiness; they give the reef high supplement levels and are significant impacts for the decent variety of the environment. Biosphere The biosphere component of the Great Barrier Reef is the means by which the reef develops and acquires its magnificent highlights. A significant creature for the reef are polyps. Polyps are basic living beings that have a stomach and their exoskeleton. Inside the polyp is a reliant green growth called zooxanthallae. The two creatures give shared advantages one giving sugars and oxygen through photosynthesis and the other providing supplements. Polyp regrowth happens with the utilization of the perished polyps exoskeleton. Despite the fact that coral propagation is extraordinary, where the coral will discharge their eggs into the late spring waters, and momentarily they discharge mass measures of sperm too. The way toward advancing happens and the hatchlings develop on the exoskeleton of coral. The differing scope of species inside the Great Barrier Reef additionally affects its working. For instance shellfish are incredible at executing the supplement reusing job, while the crown of thistle star fish is known for joining itself to coral and eating it to death. (Index A Figure 1.1) shows a Crowns of Thorns starfish going after coral. Waterfront Dunes Climate The most essential biophysical collaboration with beach front rises is the air. The climates fundamental parts are wind, temperature and precipitation. Wind is a significant supporter of forming hills through aeolion transport, where sand grains are gotten and moved to another area. The measure of sand expelled is reliant on the size of sand, speed of the breeze and nature of vegetation spread. The quicker speed of the breeze the almost certain sand grains will be moved, because of a more noteworthy power. The kind of neighborhood vegetation and measure of vegetation on the sand ridges likewise impacts aeolian vehicle, as the vegetation turns into a boundary against the breeze for the sand. Temperature assumes the job of impacting the pace of sand dryness, and sort of vegetation on the rises. Temperature esteems additionally decide the working of sea flows. As temperature expands the dryness of sand increments bringing about just scarcely any vegetations that can live on the rises, w hich thusly influences the pace of aeolian vehicle. Precipitation is likewise a barometrical part that impacts seaside ridges, through the degree of precipitation. The measure of vegetation on hills is subject to the degree of precipitation, with standard precipitation meaning a more prominent assortment and denser vegetation. Hydrosphere The hydrological forms that affect seaside hill biological systems incorporate breeze prompted waves, longshore float and precipitation. Wind-prompted waves are significant for creating waterfront hills. When there are times of tranquility inside the sea, this implies sand can be moved from seaward stores to the sea shores. This gives more prominent flexibly to ridges through wind transportation. Then again when there are deceptive conditions in the seas the waves become incredible, collide with the coastline and expel sand from the sea shores and foredunes. Another hydrological procedure affecting waterfront hills is longshore float. Longshore float is the transportation of residue by flows that are running at corresponding to the shoreline. Through longshore float, dregs can be created in one area and moved to another. Longshore float is very normal on the East side of Australia, with huge numbers of the islands up in Queensland having been produced using silt that originated from New South Wales. The last hydrological procedure to affect beach front rises is precipitation. The measure of precipitation has a heading on the disintegration of the sand, with high precipitation dissolving the surface and making it defenseless. Biosphere The biosphere impacts seaside ridges through greenery. There are three species to greenery, essential species, auxiliary species and tertiary species. The essential species are those that are nearest to the ocean. These territories are just colonized by vegetation that can deal with the conditions. The fundamental job of the pioneer species like Marram Grass is to balance out any approaching sand. These types of fauna spread at a fast pace, thus their ready to ensure a very remarkable sand rise. The auxiliary species is the foredune vegetation. They are generally involved bushes and little trees like the beach front wattle, and help in keeping up foredune sand mass. The tertiary species are those that go past the seaside moorland, similar to tall trees. This procedure is known as progression. Fauna on waterfront rises isn't extremely apparent. Relatively few creatures live on the hills nearest to the sea shore, as the conditions are unreasonably outrageous for them to deal with, with just hardly any crabs calling this territory home. Towards the rear of the ridge frameworks an expanding number of feathered creature species can be found. Lithosphere Sand particles are not indistinguishable; in this manner its mineral and substance structure will differ here and there. For instance in New South Wales most rises have sand made of quartzose particles. The particles don't bond effectively, bringing about less steady hills. Rise development begins with the affidavit of residue and seaward sand bars at the mouths of streams. Through longshore flows the residue is moved at that point kept on a sea shore by wave activity. Dry sand is blown inland from the sea shore. The float gathers around impediments like vegetation and a hill begins to shape. Beach front hills have three kinds of rises that could happen, the first being foredunes. The foredune is the primary stable hill assembled. Its fundamental goal is to go about as a boundary between the ocean and inland. It is situated at the rear of the sea shore and as a rule has pioneer grasses colonizing it. As the vegetation develops more sand is caught making bigger rise frameworks. (Adden dum B Figure 1.1) a foredune has created with pioneer grasses colonizing it. Another sort of hill is equal or transverse ridges. Equal rises create when a foredune has been hit by a tempest, and the toward the ocean face has been dissolved. At the point when dregs stream reestablishes, another edge creates before the foredune, with a swale isolating them. With the new foredune creating, gracefully to the old foredune gets constrained and pens. Heath-like bushes create on the old foredune once it is sufficiently steady to house them. A chart of equal ridge is found in (Appendix B Figure 1.2) where it is indicated how a transverse hill creates. The last kind of hill is the explanatory ridge. Explanatory ridges are the consequence of victories. T

Exampls of Price Mechanism in China

In current years in China, an across the nation well known tea called Xihu Longjing Tea is designated to purchasers utilizing the value instrument. This sort of tea is delivered distinctly in one spot, Xihu, or West Lake, in Zhejiang Province in China, and is extremely subject to climate. On the off chance that in one year there is ice in spring where Longjing Tea is collect and created, the amount of creation will plunge genuinely. This moves the flexibly bend to one side in an enormous scope, which makes the value high-rocket to the new harmony point by moving along the interest bend. At that point in this year Longjing Tea will turn into a sort of sumptuous drink.Only rich individuals are capable and have the ability to buy, who see this as an approach to flaunt their riches. I figure the general public should utilize the value instrument to decide for whom this great is delivered on the grounds that as rareness, extravagance, just as utilization for happiness, the difference in t he cost won't make large impact on the day to day environment of the white collar class and distraught shoppers. Value instrument in the market of Longjing Tea has no effect on social value however improve effectiveness of assignment. Additionally in China, vegetables and meat are items that are not distributed by the value mechanism.Instead the cost is specified by the administration. Albeit vegetable creation and transportation, such as Longjing Tea referenced above, are influenced via regular atmosphere, the Chinese government puts forth its attempt to balance out the cost. I accept that the general public ought not utilize value system to apportion vegetables and meat since they are every day necessities, which are delivered for all individuals, the wealth, the white collar classes, just as the poors. I figure government ought to invest a portion of their income to balance out the expanding cost so as to pick up value and the steadiness of the general public.

A Brief Biography of Ulysses S. Grant.

A Brief Biography of Ulysses S. Award. Conceived on April 27, 1822, in the modest town of Point Pleasant, Ohio, was a kid bound to be the leader of the United States; the little child of Jesse and Hannah Simpson Grant would change history for eternity. Dedicated Hiram Ulysses Grant, the newborn child before long developed to be an adolescent who grasped his rural way of life. The little youngster delighted in accomplishing ranch work, particularly dealing with ponies on the Georgetown family ranch. This in the end developed into an enthusiasm for horsemanship that was risen to by few.Ulysses got his initial instruction from nearby schools in Georgetown. At fourteen years old, his dad chose to send him to Maysville, Kentucky to learn at a conventional institute. After one year in 1838, Grant was moved to a Ripley, Ohio institute, which was somewhat nearer to home. Very little longer subsequently, Ulysses' dad educated of an opening at the U.S. Military Academy.In the left of this image U.S. Award can be seen...Jesse Grant was resolved to get his child the most ideal instruction, so he requested that his congressman designate Grant to fill the opening. In doing as such, the congressman committed an error in Grant's name. He believed that Simpson, Grant's mom's last name by birth, was his center name, and that Ulysses was the kid's genuine first name. Unbeknownst to the congressman, he had made the name that the immature would choose to save for the remainder of his life.Grant was acknowledged into the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. There, he was a better than average understudy, however in no methods was he sublime. Ulysses frequently read books to breathe easy as opposed to reading for his classes. The main zones wherein he exceeded expectations were arithmetic and horsemanship. Award didn't get a decent impression of armed force life, and had no goal to seek after a vocation in the military.

How To Embrace The Power Of Ideation Marketing Team Guide - Focus

How To Embrace The Power Of Ideation Marketing Team Guide - Focus For marketers, ideas are a valuable commodity. They are the sparks of success, but they require the right tools and resources as well as careful nurturing if they are to develop into powerful campaigns. Why Does Ideation Matter so Much For Marketing? For starters, ideation is what fuels innovation. Ideation is the process of creating something out of nothing â€" an alchemy of the imagination. The most successful marketing campaigns are those that tell a story. And ideas are the seeds of a great story. Why? Because ideas introduce something new, weave a compelling narrative that sticks in the minds of potential customers. And the best ideas are born from passion. Take Alleycat Designs for example, a custom apparel design agency that thrives on fresh ideas in order to flourish, founder, Sophia Bilynsky, says: “Discover what you’re truly passionate about. It will sustain you during challenging periods that will inevitably test your commitment. Whether you are driven by financial gain or creative growth, you have to find satisfaction in the work you do as an entrepreneur.” Ideas are the sustenance which drives success. And this is as true for custom apparel brands as it is for marketing teams, continually producing new, dynamic ideas will drive marketing success. Embrace Tech and Improve Your Ideation Workflow It isn’t easy turning a concept or an idea into something tangible. Without careful guidance and continuous nudging in the right direction â€" you could end up far from the campaign goal you initially envisioned. A simple and often underrated way to improve your ideation workflow is crowdsourcing. By providing your stakeholders with a collaborative workspace, you enable them to collect their ideas in a single, shared space and build on one another’s ideas. Use Mind Mapsand take your ideation process to the next level! Sign Up Now Its Free Sign Up Now Visual methods of ideation workflow such as mind maps are essential for this. They provide a clear, top-down view of an idea’s process, tracking it from a nascent seedling to a blooming flower. Above all, mind maps provide a valuable ‘why’ for your idea â€" they show how you decided on your final idea and what got you there. As your project progresses and you move closer to your goal, this will be vital for keeping a grasp on the essence of your campaign. But mind maps should be used carefully in order to get the most benefit from them for your ideation workflow. Set a clear process as to how you organize your thoughts into topics. Create main topics out of the original pillars of your idea, then ensure that team members provide ample detail and reasoning as to why they developed a particular idea further. It’s also worth avoiding the use of   jargon in your mind map. This is a collaborative process, and what makes perfect sense to you might not be as clear to those in other teams. The best mind maps are those in which everyone is on an equal footing â€" set a clear brief and make it concise and universally understandable. Who Needs to Ideate and How Can You Motivate Them to Do So? So who should be involved in the ideation process? An obvious answer might be your copywriting or graphic design team. They’re the ‘creative types’, so it makes sense that they should take the lead on any marketing ideation. But while ideas are in essence creative, they don’t exist in a bubble. Ideas should have goals, quantifiable targets that can be tracked and measured in terms of campaign success. Further to that, they should be based on hard data which indicates that your campaign will hit the mark. For instance, let’s say you’re planning a content campaign for a tuxedo hire service. Creating a piece of content about famous tuxedos from film and TV might be a fun idea. But if people aren’t searching for those keywords, then it won’t hit the mark. Of course, such content has its place, but it still needs to fit into your wider marketing strategy. Consequently, it’s important that your marketing and SEO specialists are involved in the ideation process. They should work with creative teams to find a unique angle that is backed by hard data and targeted to SMART goals (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely). Knowing who needs to ideate is just one facet of this process. You need to motivate your team to ideate and remind them that their input is actually valued. Look at Shopify for example, a SaaS company that develops online store builders for merchants. Its founder, Tobias Lütke, said in an interview that each new RD intern is required to make a change in the backend that directly impacts customers: “and it just blows people’s minds, because that’s the kind of personal impact they want to have in the company.” Of course, you don’t necessarily need to adopt such a bold policy, this is just meant to encourage team input. But taking the time to seriously consider everyone’s ideas, no matter how small, goes a long way toward creating a fecund environment in which ideation thrives. Transforming Ideas Into Actions So you’ve completed your ideation process and come up with a stellar brief for your marketing campaign. How do you translate that idea into action without losing its original purpose? Break down your idea into its core components and allocate them to the appropriate teams. For example, your copywriters deal with the copy, your PR team deals with promotion and syndication and so on. While these should be clearly defined, there will be overlap between teams. Highlight points where each team’s brief might overlap, for instance, copy and design, or design and SEO. At each stage of your product development, don’t forget to return to your original idea. This should be present at every step, guiding the things you do. If you can’t see your idea at every step of the way, then it’s time to take stock and re-evaluate your direction. Don’t use MindMeister yet? Create your free account now and join thousands of other marketing professionals around the world who use mind maps to ideate, brainstorm and more! Find Time to Ideate That Works For Everyone The process of ideation isn’t as simple as turning on a tap. Inspiration can come from anywhere, and turning an idea into something tangible can be grueling. But the most successful people are those who follow a routine, and the same applies to ideation too. Schedule a set time in your week for everyone to get together to ideate. This is ideally just after the day starts but before the post-lunchtime slump sets in. Once you’ve set upon a time and place for this meeting, stick to it. This is when each team’s ideas should be laid out and analyzed with critical eyes collaboratively. Before this meeting takes place, each stakeholder should find their own time to ideate independently. The individual should brainstorm their own thoughts and ideas free from the input of others and unfettered by a tight deadline. This process provides the individual with ‘raw’ data that they can bring into the collaborative meeting.   Every great marketing campaign begins with rigorous ideation. It creates the bedrock upon which you build your methods and achieve your goals â€" but only when done right. Know the importance of motivation and the value of collaborative mind maps. Transform the seeds of ideas into actionable methods and enjoy the power of strong ideation that works for you time and again. Follow the tips above and embrace the power of ideation.   Get Started with Idea Management Try MindMeister Its Free! Try MindMeister How To Embrace The Power Of Ideation Marketing Team Guide - Focus For marketers, ideas are a valuable commodity. They are the sparks of success, but they require the right tools and resources as well as careful nurturing if they are to develop into powerful campaigns. Why Does Ideation Matter so Much For Marketing? For starters, ideation is what fuels innovation. Ideation is the process of creating something out of nothing â€" an alchemy of the imagination. The most successful marketing campaigns are those that tell a story. And ideas are the seeds of a great story. Why? Because ideas introduce something new, weave a compelling narrative that sticks in the minds of potential customers. And the best ideas are born from passion. Take Alleycat Designs for example, a custom apparel design agency that thrives on fresh ideas in order to flourish, founder, Sophia Bilynsky, says: “Discover what you’re truly passionate about. It will sustain you during challenging periods that will inevitably test your commitment. Whether you are driven by financial gain or creative growth, you have to find satisfaction in the work you do as an entrepreneur.” Ideas are the sustenance which drives success. And this is as true for custom apparel brands as it is for marketing teams, continually producing new, dynamic ideas will drive marketing success. Embrace Tech and Improve Your Ideation Workflow It isn’t easy turning a concept or an idea into something tangible. Without careful guidance and continuous nudging in the right direction â€" you could end up far from the campaign goal you initially envisioned. A simple and often underrated way to improve your ideation workflow is crowdsourcing. By providing your stakeholders with a collaborative workspace, you enable them to collect their ideas in a single, shared space and build on one another’s ideas. Use Mind Mapsand take your ideation process to the next level! Sign Up Now Its Free Sign Up Now Visual methods of ideation workflow such as mind maps are essential for this. They provide a clear, top-down view of an idea’s process, tracking it from a nascent seedling to a blooming flower. Above all, mind maps provide a valuable ‘why’ for your idea â€" they show how you decided on your final idea and what got you there. As your project progresses and you move closer to your goal, this will be vital for keeping a grasp on the essence of your campaign. But mind maps should be used carefully in order to get the most benefit from them for your ideation workflow. Set a clear process as to how you organize your thoughts into topics. Create main topics out of the original pillars of your idea, then ensure that team members provide ample detail and reasoning as to why they developed a particular idea further. It’s also worth avoiding the use of   jargon in your mind map. This is a collaborative process, and what makes perfect sense to you might not be as clear to those in other teams. The best mind maps are those in which everyone is on an equal footing â€" set a clear brief and make it concise and universally understandable. Who Needs to Ideate and How Can You Motivate Them to Do So? So who should be involved in the ideation process? An obvious answer might be your copywriting or graphic design team. They’re the ‘creative types’, so it makes sense that they should take the lead on any marketing ideation. But while ideas are in essence creative, they don’t exist in a bubble. Ideas should have goals, quantifiable targets that can be tracked and measured in terms of campaign success. Further to that, they should be based on hard data which indicates that your campaign will hit the mark. For instance, let’s say you’re planning a content campaign for a tuxedo hire service. Creating a piece of content about famous tuxedos from film and TV might be a fun idea. But if people aren’t searching for those keywords, then it won’t hit the mark. Of course, such content has its place, but it still needs to fit into your wider marketing strategy. Consequently, it’s important that your marketing and SEO specialists are involved in the ideation process. They should work with creative teams to find a unique angle that is backed by hard data and targeted to SMART goals (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely). Knowing who needs to ideate is just one facet of this process. You need to motivate your team to ideate and remind them that their input is actually valued. Look at Shopify for example, a SaaS company that develops online store builders for merchants. Its founder, Tobias Lütke, said in an interview that each new RD intern is required to make a change in the backend that directly impacts customers: “and it just blows people’s minds, because that’s the kind of personal impact they want to have in the company.” Of course, you don’t necessarily need to adopt such a bold policy, this is just meant to encourage team input. But taking the time to seriously consider everyone’s ideas, no matter how small, goes a long way toward creating a fecund environment in which ideation thrives. Transforming Ideas Into Actions So you’ve completed your ideation process and come up with a stellar brief for your marketing campaign. How do you translate that idea into action without losing its original purpose? Break down your idea into its core components and allocate them to the appropriate teams. For example, your copywriters deal with the copy, your PR team deals with promotion and syndication and so on. While these should be clearly defined, there will be overlap between teams. Highlight points where each team’s brief might overlap, for instance, copy and design, or design and SEO. At each stage of your product development, don’t forget to return to your original idea. This should be present at every step, guiding the things you do. If you can’t see your idea at every step of the way, then it’s time to take stock and re-evaluate your direction. Don’t use MindMeister yet? Create your free account now and join thousands of other marketing professionals around the world who use mind maps to ideate, brainstorm and more! Find Time to Ideate That Works For Everyone The process of ideation isn’t as simple as turning on a tap. Inspiration can come from anywhere, and turning an idea into something tangible can be grueling. But the most successful people are those who follow a routine, and the same applies to ideation too. Schedule a set time in your week for everyone to get together to ideate. This is ideally just after the day starts but before the post-lunchtime slump sets in. Once you’ve set upon a time and place for this meeting, stick to it. This is when each team’s ideas should be laid out and analyzed with critical eyes collaboratively. Before this meeting takes place, each stakeholder should find their own time to ideate independently. The individual should brainstorm their own thoughts and ideas free from the input of others and unfettered by a tight deadline. This process provides the individual with ‘raw’ data that they can bring into the collaborative meeting.   Every great marketing campaign begins with rigorous ideation. It creates the bedrock upon which you build your methods and achieve your goals â€" but only when done right. Know the importance of motivation and the value of collaborative mind maps. Transform the seeds of ideas into actionable methods and enjoy the power of strong ideation that works for you time and again. Follow the tips above and embrace the power of ideation.   Get Started with Idea Management Try MindMeister Its Free! Try MindMeister

Buddhism in Korea - Free Essay Example

Buddhism is a one of the main religion in Korea and is being recognized by lots of people. Buddhism in Korea came from China and Central Asia in the late 4th century. Korean scholars of the Buddhist tradition put themselves together after Japanese scholars with correcting the evaluation of the Korean Buddhist tradition and came out to prove the uniqueness and originality of Buddhism in Korea. Korean Buddhism still has lots of untouched resources a can still be explored. Due to early ignorance of Buddhism in Korea misleading information was processed. Buddhism has encountered with different regional and historic specifics with modernity also including colonialism and communism. Since the beginning of twentieth century, Korean Buddhism is facing challenge with its past and prospects of its future. In the mid-fifteenth century, nuns and monks were prohibited to enter the capital city which ended in 1895. Korean Buddhists had to go through 400 plus years until Korea started opening to the modern world. As they were going through this change they tried best to show the dignity of Korean Buddhism. With Japan ruling Korea in 1910, it started a 35-year colonial period. Colonialism is one of the aspects that Buddhism had to deal with then and its involvement with modernity in Asia. This period caused conflicting response of Korean Buddhism to Japanese Buddhism. The reform minded Buddhists were trying to redefine Buddhism to make it get into modern social and culture life another form of renovation was going known as Seon/Zen revivalism. With these two reformations; Buddhist reformism and Seon revivalism led to pull Buddhism in two different directions with first one trying to take Buddhism culture in future and other trying to revive the past. Both were trying to redefine Buddhism but with different approach and focus. Seon wanted to bring back the Seon practice and training while Buddhist reformists advancing the religion report with society. To reinstate more rigorous Seon practice Seon revivalists started new Seon monastic regulations. The beginning of modern period in Buddhism is commonly referred to 1895 where ban of monks and nuns to enter capital city was removed. Also a year after that Korea opened up to foreign power. The multi task of Korean Buddhism was to reestablish its status as religio-philosophhical system and showing relevance in modern society as well. Colonialism period between 1910 and 1945 was not easy to describe and was very complex. As Buddhism emerged from the experience of the Joseon dynasty it faced challenges of making it both socially viable and religiously significant (Park 1998, 75). By the late Goryeo dynasty Korean Buddhism was being accounting for using too much resources from the state thus putting a strain on the economy. So while the Josen dynasty was starting criticisms of Buddhism began regarding its moral and philosophical teachings. So while Buddhism was facing problems at that time it became a scattered religion. Even though Korean Buddhism was not at top of its power at the b eginning of twentieth century it was resilient and did enough to work in the limits imposed.

Can Government Action Improve The Lives Of Women

Can government action improve the lives of women? How many times have you heard the phrases that it’s women’s work or it’s a woman’s job? Somewhere around a thousand right? It’s most often relating to child rearing or housework or cooking or anything domestic. Even in America today, women are being paid less for same work. There is gender discrimination in the workplace. A glass ceiling is common in many businesses and fields. Only men get promoted above a certain level because people have the mindset that if you promote â€Å"one of them,† they will promote others like themselves and then the company will decline and fail. Have you ever been forced to endure a â€Å"get back to the kitchen† or a â€Å"go make me a sandwich† joke? You can go to†¦show more content†¦Apart from that, society also, has different standards for sexual interaction. If a guy has premarital sex, he’s macho and cool. If a girl has premarital sex, she’s a slut or a whore, and if she won’t have premarital sex, she’s a prude. A lot of the times when a woman says no to sex, it’s taken as it doesn’t really mean no, and if I pressure her enough she’ll relent and say yes. Some men believe that just because they’re nice and friends with women that the women should have sex with them. Basically they want a cookie because they’re doing something they’re supposed to be doing anyway. Most of these guys then complain that the women are ‘friendzoning’ them and just going after ‘macho jerk men.’ Both are products of a lack of mutual respect in our current society. Men see women as sexual objects, where women have to look at the personality of the guy. Religions have a nasty habit of crossing the line between church and state. Often times it’s what the religion says is wrong verses equal protection under the Constitution. What one or a group of religions considers â€Å"right† should not be forced on the rest of the population. A religion should not be able to force its beliefs on non-members. That is the whole reason for the separation of church and state. Marriage is a fundamental right under the law but there are all kinds of protests about it being legalized for gay or lesbian marriages, or for birth control being covered by insurance

Ethical Vignettes - 2404 Words

Confidentiality after death: Please read the case examples and answer the following questions. Example 1: After the deaths of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ron Goldman (see: Hunt, 1999) Susan J. Forward, a clinical social worker who had held two sessions with Ms. Simpson in 1992, made unsolicited disclosures regarding her deceased former client. Ms. Forward commented in public that Ms. Simpson had allegedly reported experiencing abuse at the hands of O. J. Simpson. The California Board of Behavioral Science Examiners subsequently barred Ms. Forward from seeing patients for 90 days and placed her on three years’ probation. In announcing the decision Deputy Attorney General, Anne L. Mendoza, who represented the board commented, Therapy is†¦show more content†¦Counselors consult with other professionals when in doubt as to the validity of an exception. Additional considerations apply when addressing end-of-life issues.† I believe that under this code the clinician is required to inform proper authorities. I believe that Ms. Forward was in violation only because she went to the press. However in all other cases, I believe that the right to privacy is of fundamental importance. The law is designed to protect us against the loss of dignity that may result from exposure of intimate details of our private lives. That protection doesnt simply evaporate with death. Only the patient has the power to release the physician from his dut y of secrecy. Duty to Warn: Please read the case examples and answer the following questions. Example 1: In the fall of 1969, Prosenjit Poddar, a citizen of India and naval architecture student at the University of Californias Berkeley campus, shot and stabbed to death Tatiana Tarasoff, a young woman who had spurned his affections. Poddar had sought psychotherapy from Dr. Moore, psychologist at the universitys student health facility, and Dr. Moore had concluded that Poddar posed a significant danger. This conclusion stemmed from an assessment of Poddars pathologicalShow MoreRelatedEthical Vignette Essay773 Words   |  4 Pages Title: Ethical Vignette Abstract In this paper I will discuss the ethical vignette as it deals with confidentiality and ethical dilemmas that counselor’s face. I will reflect on a video presentation as well as the North Carolina rules and regulation and the ACA Code of Ethics as it relates to confidentiality and ethics. I will explain why confidentiality is important and what the rules says about it. This will help me and others to become a better counselor. Ethical Vignette Summary Read MoreThe Ethical Principle Of Confidentiality Essay757 Words   |  4 PagesVignette One Remley and Herlihy (2016) defines confidentiality as an ethical concept which refers to the counselor s obligation to respect the client s privacy and in session discussion will be protected from disclosure without their consent (p.108). The receptionist never disclosed what was being discussed in wife A session; however, her inadvertent breach of confidentiality occurred the moment she divulged the fact that wife A is a patient at a mental health facility. An important premise toRead MoreThe Ethical And Legal Situations Of Mental Health1416 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization and supervisee at the same time. This paper incorporates 2 case vignettes that deal with recognizing lawful and moral issues that supervisors must manage when working with another trainee or different supervisees. An endeavor to depict the basic leadership process and choices that maintain the moral guidelines of the calling is attempted in this paper. Case Vignette 1 Understanding the ethical and legal situations that are involved in the position of supervisor is importantRead MoreProfessional Counselors : Ethics, And Maryland s Board Regulations1401 Words   |  6 Pages Ethical Vignette Paper 2 Kristen L. Pruitt Liberty University Abstract Professional counselors deal with many legal and ethical issues in the course of treating clients. Some of the issues they may come across include dual relationships, boundaries, bartering, sexual relationships, gift giving, touching a client, and how to begin or end treatment. Some of these issues may seem straightforward in theory, but they can become complicated in practice. In these cases, if possibleRead MoreHow The Turnaround Team May Have Used Gerard And Teurfs Transformation Skills770 Words   |  4 Pagesand ideas of employees to create the new code of ethical conduct. This process would lead to a better chance for buy-in from the employees on transformational change. Tyco used vignettes to communicate changes in ethical behavior. Write a vignette that could be used by Tyco to assist in overcoming the cultural change barriers that companies like Tyco faced. What international issues might need to be taken into account in writing these vignettes? Tyco would need to produce a series of videosRead MoreConfidentiality : Confidentiality And Confidentiality1161 Words   |  5 Pagesexceptions to confidentiality, counselors should be sure to understand and always explain them to the client. â€Æ' Summary Confidentiality is something that a client expects when they choose to meet with a counselor, a mutual known understanding. The vignette presentation covered a multitude of sceneries when dealing with confidentiality and the exceptions to maintaining this confidentiality. According to the presentations when a client or makes an actual threat of physical harm to an identifiable victimRead MoreVignette essay1110 Words   |  5 Pagesthe five Vignettes to write about. Please review the following vignettes. Use your text and class notes as a reference to determine what theoretical approach can assist you in providing an explanation to the reasons why the following individuals have the coping mechanisms and behavior that they do. Identify all the major issues with each scenario. Define the interventions that can assist in each case. Are there any identifiable strengths with each case? Lastly point out any ethical issue sRead MoreLeadership, Consultation, And Ethics958 Words   |  4 PagesWhat are the ethical and legal dilemmas this vignette introduced? What would be your immediate steps and why? Please be specific and make sure that you describe your process of ethical decision making and the solutions/consequences to which this process might lead. Your discussion should be informed by the American Psychological Association’s Ethics Code as well as the Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychologists. In dealing with individuals such as Mr. Mendez a variety of ethical and legal dilemmasRead MoreUnderstanding Multicultural Concerns May Influence People Essay1345 Words   |  6 Pagestreatment. Errors of or potentially obliviousness toward social contrasts may create violence or confusion which may require therapeutic consideration. This paper analysis two case vignette. Both vignettes deal with ethical and legal guidelines to be considered with working with a diverse culture. Case Vignette 1 Distinctive ways to deal with treatment inside various cultures, and the route in which culture can strengthen the stigma of certain illness. Cultural pluralism recognizesRead MoreQuestions On Ethics And Ethical Dilemmas1895 Words   |  8 PagesRunning Heading: Ethical Dilemmas Vignettes Capella University Ethical Dilemma Vignettes Advance Ethics Leadership Study in Human Behavior Dr. Washington January 30, 2015 Ethical Dilemma Vignette Abstract In this seminar the researcher will addressed to ethical dilemmas, these ethical dilemmas will be two complex situations that often involves an apparent conflict in which will result in transgressing another. In every organization individuals face ethical and moral dilemmas, which

Dramatic Structure Much Ado About Nothing - 1483 Words

Much Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare Exposition: The scene is set in Messina, Italy. In this state there is a wealthy landowner who is also the Governor named Leonato. He is a good natured man that has one child, a daughter named Hero. He also has a niece named Beatrice who is quick witted and, as Don Pedro points out, â€Å"a pleasant spirited lady†, although she is secretly a scorned woman that is bitter at being left by a man named Benedick years before. We learn about Beatrice’s distain and long time feud with Benedick, whom is also a master of prose and banter. There is a very important Nobleman coming to visit his longtime friend Leonato on his way to return home from victory in war. This man is Don Pedro, who is called†¦show more content†¦They all three then go to outside of Hero’s bedroom and see Borachio and the back of Margaret as they are making love. Borachio is screaming out Hero’s name (as they have done in the past to role play) and therefore the Prince and Claudio are convinced that Hero is the woman in the arms of another man. The next day, during the wedding, Claudio denounces Hero’s honor and tells everyone about what he had seen. When it is verified by the Prince and the Bastard that they witnessed the same thing, Hero falls to the ground in a pile of lifelessness and the Prince, the Bastard, and Claudio leave the courtyard. Leonato attacks his daughter for her actions but the Friar and Beatrice stop him from potentially killing her. The Friar and Beatrice know that Hero is innocent and suspect that the Prince and Claudio have been led astray by the jealous Bastard. The Friar points out that Hero was left for dead and suggests that they should let everyone know that Hero died from the stress of the public accusation and humiliation. This way Claudio can truly suffer for what he has done to Hero and also she will be able to get her reputation cleared once the truth is discovered. Leonato and his brother Antonio agree and Hero is taken secretly in to the house of Antonio while the rest get the funeral arrangements started. Benedick tries to comfort Beatrice during this most distressing time and professes his love for her and she vows her love to him if heShow MoreRelatedHow Shakespeare Dramatically Presents Power and Authority in the Relationship Between Men and Women in Much Ado About Nothing1582 Words   |  7 PagesWomen in Much Ado About Nothing One of the key explorations of power and authority in â€Å"Much Ado About Nothing† is the relationship between Hero and Leonato as father and daughter. The play was written in Elizabethan England, and social attitudes of the period, together with long standing tradition, influence Shakespeare’s portrayal of the â€Å"proper† relationship between father and daughter, and duty they owed to each other. In â€Å"Much Ado About Nothing† it is very much a patriarchalRead More Differences between Beatrice and Hero in Much Ado about Nothing1203 Words   |  5 PagesDifferences between Beatrice and Hero in the early scenes of Shakespeare’s play ‘Much Ado about Nothing’ Shakespeare’s play ‘Much Ado about Nothing’ has two main female characters, Beatrice and Hero, who are cousins. Both appear to be completely different in the beginning of the play but, as things progress and their characters develop, there are also some very obvious similarities between them. Hero and Beatrice have a very close relationship; they are best friends. Leonato is Hero’s father butRead MoreShakespeares Techniques in Much Ado About Nothing Essay1171 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeares Techniques in Much Ado About Nothing I am going to describe the techniques used by Shakespeare in Much Ado About Nothing. I am focusing on language, themes, characters, plots and sub plots as well as the play as a whole. I will also be focusing on how the modern day as well as the Elizabethan audience would respond to this play write. Shakespeare is known as one of the worlds best play writers, he has written tragedies, histories, sonnets and comediesRead MoreDiscuss the Differences Between Beatrice and Hero in the Early Scenes of the Play1226 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss the differences between Beatrice and Hero in the early scenes of the play Shakespeares play ‘Much Ado about Nothing has two main female characters, Beatrice and Hero, who are cousins. Both appear to be completely different in the beginning of the play but, as things progress and their characters develop, there are also some very obvious similarities between them. Hero and Beatrice have a very close relationship; they are best friends. Leonato is Heros father but Beatrice has no parentsRead MoreCape Literature Ia Much Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare2242 Words   |  9 PagesThe 1993 film adaptation of William Shakespeare’s Much Ado about Nothing, by Kenneth Branagh, differs in many aspects from the original script written by Shakespeare. Branagh employs brilliant cinematography, manipulating lighting, camera angles to produce a carefree version to the original text. The soundtrack is dazzling and his interpretation breathes life and vitality into this old world play. According to critic Vincent Canby, â€Å"He has taken a Shakespearean romantic comedy, the sort of thingRead MoreMuch to Do with Deception2356 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"Much To Do With Deception† A Critical Research Paper about William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing Much Ado About Nothing, written by William Shakespeare, is a dramatic production that uses the tools of deception and humor under the category of comedy. As defined by Paul N. Siegel, â€Å"A comic play is usually accepted to be a light-hearted play with a happy conclusion.† Yet, Shakespearian tragic plays often use deception as a method to damage the role of the hero. In other Shakespearian tragediesRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing Essay1839 Words   |  8 Pages‘Much Ado About Nothing’ by William Shakespeare contains many aspects that anchor the Elizabethan conventions of comedy, but allows us to question whether the ending gratifies the audience and does it actually create a satisfactory dramatic catharsis? Aristotle first discussed the concept of catharsis. He believed that â€Å"the poets aim is to produce pleasure in the spectator by eliciting from the representation the emotions of pity (for others) and fear (for oneself)†. I believe ‘Much Ado About Nothing’Read MoreA Spirited Female Lead in Pride and Prejudice by Austen and Much Ado About Nothing by Shakespeare2137 Words   |  9 PagesA Spirited Female Lead in Pride and Prejudice by Austen and Much Ado About Nothing by Shakespeare Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen and Much Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare are two of the best known and best loved literary works in history. One of the main reasons for this is the strength and personality of their leading female characters Beatrice, and Elizabeth and the relationships that they form within the books. Beatrice, described as being possessedRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing, Act 4 Scene 1 Analysis1566 Words   |  7 PagesEssay: Much Ado About Nothing In Act 4 Scene 1, Shakespeare employs numerous dramatic techniques to create a remarkable and memorable moment in the play. The techniques include: the positioning of the scene in the context of the play as a whole; the successful characterization of the key players, including Leonato, Claudio and Hero in particular; and the use of poetic and descriptive language. To begin with the structure of the play as a whole, the audience would already feel tense because ofRead MoreThe Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde1407 Words   |  6 Pagesdetrimental to his high status. From this, it could be argued that Wilde uses hyperbole in Algernon’s dismissal to â€Å"see anything romantic† in an act typically passionate to amplify the Comedy of Manners to a Victorian audience as it reinforces the dramatic irony created: the audience is already conscious of the eventual romantic union of Algernon and Cecily, hence reinforcing the comedy created. We also witness the fact that Algernon’s main priorities are not harmonious with the rest of civilization

The Declaration Of The Rights Of Man And Citizen By...

We live in a world that is based around freedom and rights. As citizens, we expect to have a say in how we live everyday life, whether it involves employment, owning a house, or who we elect as president of the United States. Either way, our world is based around our natural rights. After the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen was written, this caused a wave of revolution. This Declaration had an impact on populations such as Haiti, but also had a major impact on countless other slave populations. For the basis of slavery, we read through Abina and the Important men and saw how different characters in the story defined the term slavery. Another view came from a former slave Frederick Douglas who was a leading abolitionist. For†¦show more content†¦Even though there were a large number of African Americans on the plantation, the whites still owned them, being merchants, slave masters, etc. This land was a major target for sugar, everybody wanted this land. Following the revolution, the meaning of â€Å"rights† was different for the whites and blacks. As Strayer quotes on page 793 in the textbook, â€Å"To the slaves, the promise of the French Revolution was a personal freedom that challenged the entire slave labor system. Slaves burned 1,000 plantations and killed hundreds of whites.† As a part of the African American race, there was a former slave who led the blacks to a victory over the French rule. This former slaves name was Toussaint Louverture. Following the revolt, many British people realized that slavery was going against human rights. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen outlined the rights that humans were supposed to be given. Some of these rights included â€Å"natural rights, political and civic rights†, according to (Strayer, 812). So as a result of the revolt and abolition, people were now agreeing that slavery violated the African American human rights. In the story of Abina and the Important Men, we take a look at a West African woman who was enslaved and had brought her case to court with the Important Men. A majority of this story takes place in the court room, where Abina brings her former master to court. The beginning of this story takes

China Green Economy Free Essays

For years now, China has been at the receiving end of stinging criticism from the West over its environmental policies, with critics describing it variously as one of the most polluted countries, an insatiable, consumer-driven energy guzzler, and the world’s worst emitter of greenhouse gases. These labels have been prompted by China’s rapid industrialization and urbanization over the past 30 years, which has allowed it to achieve blistering economic growth, but at enormous cost to its environment. Given the widespread criticism, it’s understandable why many in the West might find it hard to imagine this ‘dirty’ giant ever getting clean. We will write a custom essay sample on China Green Economy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Yet these difficulties shouldn’t overshadow an encouraging reality—China’s top decision makers are planning to take a more holistic approach to the quest for greener growth that could transform the country’s image. China’s central government is currently thrashing out details of how best to steer towards greener growth as part of closed-door discussions aimed at finalizing the country’s 12th Five Year Plan (2011-2015), which will be announced in March. The plan is expected to become China’s first national plan to shift the development agenda decisively toward a pattern of green growth, accelerating the country’s efforts at green modernization. Expect ‘establishing a low carbon society’ to be a key political slogan over the next five years. With a limit to the amount of fossil fuel it can access, and with these fuels anyway creating significant environmental damage and associated socioeconomic problems, China’s top leadership seems to be realizing that the old ‘growth at all costs’ model that has previously been followed threatens not only the country’s energy security, but its very survival. A green development pathway based on low energy consumption and low carbon emissions is essential if China is to find a sustainable path to growth. The environmental aspects of the plan are likely to be boiled down to five key points that will be presented to the public and used to measure China’s success in achieving its ambitious targets. First, the government is believed to be considering using green indices as a yardstick for evaluating the performance of local officials. Water consumption per unit of GDP, proportion of clean coal consumption utilized, and the proportion of GDP invested in environmental protection will all be integrated into the indices. The idea is that this will force local governments to strengthen resource efficiency and improve ecofriendliness in key sectors such as heavy industry, construction, and transportation. Gone will be the days when the rate of GDP growth is the sole determinant of success. Second, China aims to gradually establish a carbon trading system to help it meet its 2020 carbon intensity target of reducing CO2 emissions as a proportion of each unit of GDP by 40 to 45 percent of 2005 levels. Policymakers are expected to view carbon trading as a market-oriented, cost-effective way of supplementing current administrative measures to reduce emissions and genuinely shift the country’s ‘brown’ economy to a ‘green’ one. A cap-and-trade market is also expected to be up and running by 2014, while over the next couple of years, carbon trading programmes will most likely focus on pilot schemes in economic zones and/or industrial sectors such as the coal-fire power generation sector. Third, China will continue to support the research, development, and deployment of clean energy technologies. China was reported in December to be seriously considering, for example, investments of up to $1. 5 trillion in seven strategic industries including renewable energy, clean energy vehicles,and low carbon technologies. In this regard, keep an eye out for two Chinese companies—Yingli Solar and Wanxiang Group—that will play a more proactive role in producing state-of-the-art clean energy technologies to help create more ‘green collar’ jobs domestically and overseas. With robust government support and private sector innovation, China’s pledge to have 15 percent of its energy come from non-fossil fuels by 2020 could be achieved more smoothly and quickly with smart investment. If it can follow through on these ambitious plans—admittedly a big if—there’s little doubt China will be able to join world leaders in the development of wind, solar, and electric vehicle technologies. Fourth, with the country’s total power capacity expected to climb to more than 1,430 GW by 2015, compared with 874 GW at the beginning of last year, China has been trying to figure out how to bring trillions of kilowatts of power to more than a billion consumers, sometimes over extremely long distances. With this in mind, the government is said to be planning to invest about $300 billion in a smart grid over the next five years that allows potential problems to be detected early. So far, local governments including the Jiangsu Provincial Government and the Shanghai Municipal Government have taken the lead in publishing plans for smart grid development. Last but not least, China is expected to begin efforts to restore marine ecologies for the first time, focusing not only on supervising chemical oxygen demand, which measures the amount of organic pollutants found in surface water, but also limiting emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus, which causes eutrophication. In addition, constructions such as dams and sea walls will be strictly examined to ensure that they aren’t adversely impacting the environment. If China’s policymakers can follow up on this promising list, then it could produce some genuinely spectacular policies that will help the country dramatically increase its chances of sustaining its strong growth, expand its clean technology market, and achieve green job creation. None of this will be easy, not least because rapidly rising energy demand will mean coal and oil inevitably remain a foundation of China’s economy for years to come. In addition, China’s efforts at developing a green economy so far look like a top-down initiative, meaning much of the public doesn’t really understand what a green economy entails, its importance, or how they can contribute to creating one. As a result, there’s a clear need for proper public outreach to encourage people to become engaged. Still, the talk around the upcoming five-year plan offers some cause for optimism that with the central government genuinely behind it, and if market-driven mechanisms can be properly utilized, China can launch itself on the path to a greener future. How to cite China Green Economy, Papers

Positioning Strategy For F45 for Fitness- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about thePositioning Strategy For F45 for Fitness. Answer: The fitness industry is a very competitive industry characterized by a high group of customers with different needs. The customers in this industry need food products which will support their exercise objective such as weight loss, strength and endurance training, cardiovascular exercises among others (Woolf 2008). F45 is an established brand focused on the promotion of lifestyle eating and innovative training practices intended to better the lives of Australia community. DRNK is a plant-based protein with no sugar or gluten which makes it a healthier alternative to other products. This product is, therefore, effective for consumption for clients undertaking light and heavy exercises. This paper outlines the market positioning strategy for DRNK product under the F45 brand. For the case of DRNK, the target market will mainly include clients who undertake medium to heavy physical exercises due to their higher demand for protein supplements and foods to rebuild muscles and enhance their energy during and after exercises. The market for this type of product is relatively large in Australia as there fewer healthy competitors. Most of the direct competitors to DRNK are sugar-based with a high level of gluten content (Woolf 2008). This makes it probable for DRNK to gain a competitive edge in its market due to its uniqueness and healthy credentials. The market will be segmented in terms of income, behavior, and age (Jobber and Ellis-Chadwick 2016). The main target group is the high-end consumers who are able to pay an extra premium for better and healthier food products for exercises. The target group is also comprised of people who are relatively conscious of their health i.e. those under weight loss programs among other health issues. This target group is made up of people between 20 and 30 years who usually undertake various types of exercises between 5 and 9 am before going to work. Mostly, the target of customers for the DRNK product is the high-income earners in Australia who are motivated by the need to live a healthier lifestyle. The taste and preferences of this target group is expected to continue shifting towards even more healthier products thus making DRNK relatively sustainable and profitable going into the future (Jackson 2007). The company intends to gain a competitive advantage in the market through differentiation. In this case, the company intends to gather information from the target group mainly from social media and direct communication with the clients (Huang et al. 2015). The major value of the target market is the convenience of the product and the nutritional value. Unlike other firms in the industry, F45 intends to gain a competitive edge with the DRNK product by focusing on a specific market i.e. people undertaking physical exercises (Woolf 2008). To conclude, F45 invests in constant innovations by evaluating and understanding the tastes of their customers. To stay ahead of the competition, the company will also use the collected information from the market to set trends thereby enhancing their uniqueness and commitment to excellent services and healthier products within this market. References Huang, K., Dyerson, R., Wu, L. and Harindranath, G. (2015). From Temporary Competitive Advantage to Sustainable Competitive Advantage. British Journal of Management, 26(4), pp.617-636. Jackson, S. (2007). Market share is not enough: why strategic market positioning works. Journal of Business Strategy, 28(1), pp.18-25. Jobber, D. and Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2016). Principles and practice of marketing. 1st ed Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Education. Woolf, J. (2008). Competitive Advantage in the Health and Fitness Industry: Developing Service Bundles. Sport Management Review, 11(1), pp.51-75.

Necrotizing Fasciitis/Myosits (Flesh Eating Disease) Essays

Necrotizing Fasciitis/Myosits (Flesh eating Disease) Necrotizing Fasciitis is also known as the flesh-eating disease. It is a rare disease that causes the deterioration of the flesh, causing extensive destruction of the tissues. It can kill. The disease is very uncommon and only infects about one in a million people each year in Canada. There is some concern and suggestions that cases of this disease may be on the increase. Most of these serious infections occur between the months of October and March. The good news is that fifty to seventy percent of people who get this disease recover. When people get this illness, the symptoms are fever, severe pain, and a red, painful swelling which spreads rapidly. The disease spreads very rapidly through flesh at a rate of one inch or almost three centimetres per hour. Death can occur in just 18 hours. The layers of tissue that surround the muscle are called fascia. When the disease spreads along the layers of tissue that surround muscle, it is called Necrotizing Fasciitis. Once the disease spreads into the muscle tissue, it is called Necrotizing Myositis. Background The first record of the disease was in France in 1783. The disease occurred throughout the 1800's and 1900's, but was usually only found in military hospitals in times of war. Some outbreaks have occurred also in civilian populations. There seemed to be some decrease in the 1940's, and then another outbreak in the 1980's. Ontario is the only province in Canada where there is statistics on serious group a streptococcal infections (including necrotizing fasciitis). These cases are reported to health authorities. Surveillance for group A streptococcus began in 1991 in Canada. In Ontario, in 1994, 19 cases of serious disease were reported to health authorities. Of those 19, six died. There were only 9 cases in 1993, and 27 cases in 1992, and 25 cases in 1991. Cause Flesh eating disease is caused by several bacteria, one of them is group A streptococcus. A bacteria that causes sore throats and strep throats in kids, as well as in teenagers, is group A streptococcus. This is the same bacteria that causes impetigo, rheumatic fever and scarlet fever. Group A streptococcus also causes a general bad feeling. Ten to fifteen per cent of school children could carry the bacteria in their throat and have no symptoms. Group A Streptococcus can be spread by close personal contact, such as kissing or sharing drinks or cutlery, with an infected person, but flesh eating disease can not be. Symptoms Symptoms include fever, severe pain and a red, painful swelling. Some side effects can result from group A streptococcus. Serious life-threatening diseases, such as streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome can occur. When serious disease develops, the sore throat is usually not present. Treatment Treatment includes the surgical removal of infected tissue or amputation if necessary. Also, if one is lucky, giving drugs like penicillin, will work. There are no vaccines available to prevent group A streptococcus. Health Canada and other researchers are working to develop new strategies and treatments to combat disease outbreaks when they occur. Some scientists believe that the bacteria makes proteins that causes the body's immune system to destroy both the bacteria and the body, in addition to proteins that destroy tissue directly. Flesh-eating disease Matt Sanderson May 27,1995 Bibliography 1. Bureau of Communicable Disease Epidemiology, Laboratory Center for Disease Control, Health Protection Branch, Health Canada, "Necrotizing Fasciitis". 2. Public Health Region, Rosetown , Saskatchewan, "Flesh-eating disease".

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn- essays

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn- essays "I says to myself, I reckon a body that ups and tells the truth when he is in a tight place is taking considerable many resks, though I ain't had no experience and I can't say for certain;but it looks so to me, anyway..." spoken by the young protagonist Huckleberry Finn in the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain. He's dishonest but at least he's honest about it. This is an example of dramatic irony found throughout the novel. The novel follows the adventures of a young boy Huck and a run away slave named Jim as they take a flight down the Mississippi River. Along the way they have many adventures that include the boarding of a nearly sunken steam boat of the Walter Scott, the bitter mockery of Mark Twain towards the authors of romantic novels. Thay also have adventures on land, which to name a few includes a feud among families, mobs, and even the circus. Throughout the novel, Mark Twain pokes fun at religion, wealth, royalty, death, and the ignorance of people usi ng satirical language and dramatic irony. Along the route Huck and Jim are separated from one another. Huck comes upon the house of the Grangerfords, a wealthy family that takes him in after they find that he does not belong to the Shepherdson family. Buck, who befriends Huck on his visit, tells of the Grangerford Shephardson feud. Buck explains the Grangerfords and Shepherdsons have been feuding so long "they don't know now what the row was in the first place." The introduction of the two families gives Twain the oppurtunity to burlesque the "Southern Code of Chivalry." The Grangerfords house shows a tasteless display of wealth. Huck's appreciation of the decorations just adds to the humor of the novel. Mark Twain also uses these families to emphasize the satire of religion."Next Sunday we all went to church...the man took thier guns along , so did Buck, and kept them between their kneesor stood them handy against the wall, the Shepherd...

Battle of Antietam - Outcome and Significance

Battle of Antietam - Outcome and Significance Dates: September 16-18, 1862 Other Names: Sharpsburg Location: Sharpsburg, Maryland. Key Individuals Involved in the Battle of Antietam: Union: Major General George B. McClellanConfederate: General Robert E. Lee Outcome: The result of the battle was inconclusive, but the north did win a strategic advantage. 23,100 casualties. Overview of the Battle: On September 16, Major  Gen. George B. McClellan  met General Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia in Sharpsburg, Maryland. The next morning at dawn, Union Major General Joseph Hooker led his corps to mount a strong assault on Lees left flank. This began what would be the bloodiest day in all of American military history. Fighting occurred across a cornfield and around the Dunker Church. In addition, Union troops assaulted the Confederates at the Sunken Road, which actually pierced through the Confederate center. However, the Northern troops did not follow through with this advantage. Later, Union General Ambrose Burnsides troops got into the fight, croosing over Antietam Creek and arriving at the Confederate right.     At a crucial moment, Confederate General Ambrose Powell Hill, Jrs  division arrived from  Harpers Ferry  and counterattacked. He was able to drive back Burnside and save the day. Even though he was  outnumbered two-to-one, Lee decided to commit his entire army while Union Major General George B. McClellan sent in fewer than three-quarters of his army, which enabled Lee to fight the Federals to a standstill. Both  armies were able to consolidate their lines during the night. Even though his troops had suffered crippling casualties, Lee decided to continue to skirmish with McClellan throughout the day of the 18th, removing his wounded south at the same time. After dark, Lee ordered the withdrawal of his battered Army of Northern Virginia to across the Potomac into the Shenandoah Valley. Significance of the Battle of Antietam: The Battle of Antietam forced the Confederate Army to retreat back across the Potomac River. President Abraham Lincoln saw the significance of this and issued the famous Emancipation Proclamation on September 22, 1862. Source: CWSAC Battle Summaries

A Research Proposal for Bridging Chinese Traditional Health Methods Essay

A Research Proposal for Bridging Chinese Traditional Health Methods with their Western Counterparts - Essay Example The desire to cure disease and heal wounds has resulted in the development of medical systems and philosophies reflecting various cultures. In China, the traditional approach to aiding the sick is very different from the Western system. Each has embraced different philosophies of care, and yet neither has fully recognized the value of the other system's approaches. In this environment of institutional suspicion, there lies an opportunity to investigate ways of bringing the two disparate schools of thought together. Purpose. The objectives of this research will be to investigate those areas of traditional Chinese medicine that are compatible with Western medical practice. Specifically, the research will focus on bridging the divide that exists between the two schools of thought and seek to find ways of bringing them together in a manner that harnesses the strengths of both. Neither system is perfect in its concepts; perhaps together, a more effective medical approach could be found that would benefit all. Target Population and Sample Size. The target population for this research will be practitioners of both disciplines.

EU law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

EU law - Essay Example This brief analysis will work to give counsel to the two women, Ame and Bridget, which are presented in the given case assignment as well as provide them with the legal knowledge and constraints that pertain to their individual cases under domestic and European Commission jurisdictions. Likewise, the analysis will attempt to call out specific portions of the European Commission Directive that aptly apply to their given discrimination complaints. Far from being equal, both cases present us with unique constraints and drawbacks which will be elaborated upon and inference/parallels will be drawn to similar cases that have proceeded these and defined a type of precedent for such actions in the not so distant past. Case 1: Ame’s Claim of Age-Discrimination at the State Health Service of Waltaria With respect to discrimination based upon age, 2000/78/EC article 11 is very specific: â€Å"Discrimination based on religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation may undermine the achievement of the objectives of the EC Treaty, in particular the attainment of a high level of employment and social protection, raising the standard of living and the quality of life, economic and social cohesion and solidarity, and the free movement of persons† (emphasis provided) (EC 2000/78). As such, the law specifically speaks to the fact that Ame could not justifiably or legally been terminated based upon her age alone. However, there are two complicating factors to this interpretation which will be discussed at greater length; however, it is worth repeating that based upon the information Ame has provided , there is grounds for a court case with respect to this particular termination. Firstly, one must be aware of what lengths the defendant will be likely to go to in order to defend the legality and rightfulness of their action. This is not to discourage Ame from seeking legal action on this matter; instead, it is to make her aware that the defendant will likely attempt to invoke article 25 of 2000/78/EC which states: â€Å"The prohibition of age discrimination is an essential part of meeting the aims set out in the Employment Guidelines and encouraging diversity in the workforce. However, differences in treatment in connection with age may be justified under certain circumstances and therefore require specific provisions which may vary in accordance with the situation in Member States. It is therefore essential to distinguish between differences in treatment which are justified, in particular by legitimate employment policy, labour market and vocational training objectives, and discrimination which must be prohibited† (EC 2000/78). To what degree the defense will attempt to invoke this and to what level they have supporting documentation that shows this was their actual goal is of course unknown; however, Ame should be aware that this is a likely tactic. Secondly, due to the lack of material evidence (Ame only has overheard a discus sion by certain elements in management. Her particular case is without strong and relevant proof (i.e. a number of other employees terminated at the same time and of the same demographic group) she will have difficulty providing a solid case within the court system. Although it is clear from her letter that

Nerve And Tendon Gliding Exercises Health And Social Care Essay

Nerve And Tendon Gliding Exercises Health And Social Care Essay Carpal Tunnel Syndrome was first described by Sir James Paget in 1854 but the term was coined by Moeirisch. It is a syndrome of compression neuropathy of median nerve at the wrist. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome results in considerable discomfort and pain, limitation of activities of daily living, loss of sleep and work disability. (Levine et al., 1993). Twenty percent of symptomatic subjects with symptoms of pain, numbness, nocturnal parasthesia and tingling sensation in the hand would be expected to have Carpal tunnel syndrome based on the clinical examination and electro physiologic testing. CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME IN PREGNANCY Carpal tunnel Syndrome is more frequent in pregnancy because the systemic process increases the extra capsular fluid retention by the hormone Prolactin and produce soft tissue swelling in the later stages (third trimester) of their pregnancies. The Carpal Tunnel Syndrome can thus be produced by compression or swelling of the median nerve in its synovial sheath (Gelberman et al., 1981; Snell, 2000; Szabo, 1989; Primal Pictures, 2001; Rempel et al., 1999). Many therapies have been advocated for treating the carpal tunnel syndrome including Mobilizations, nerve gliding, tendon gliding, etc. Therefore the presence study was focused on the Effect of Nerve and Tendon gliding Exercises in the functional recovery of the carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. Tendon gliding Exercises were mostly performed at the end range of motion at small amplitude are performed at the limit of available motion and stressed into the tissue resistance. These exercises are thought to relieve pressure on the median nerve and stretch the carpal ligaments, which also helps decrease pressure. They are also thought to help blood flow out of the carpal tunnel, which can help decrease fluid pressure. INCLUSIVE CRITERIA Pregnant Women with pain and swelling in the wrist for at least 1 month. Pregnant women with both unilateral and bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. Pregnant women with age group between 25years and 32years. EXCLUSIVE CRITERIA Non-pregnant women with carpal tunnel syndrome. Pregnant women having other complications like hypothyroidism, diabetes that may lead to carpal tunnel syndrome. Any other trauma related injuries in hand. Males. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nerve and Tendon Gliding Exercises. Functional Status Scale for measuring functional activity. HYPOTHESIS Nerve and Tendon Gliding Exercise programme will be effective in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. NULL HYPOTHESIS There may not be any significance between the nerve and tendon gliding exercise programme and carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to determine from the available evidence the effectiveness of Nerve and Tendon gliding exercises programme in carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy using Functional Status Scale for performance and Symptom Severity Scale for wrist pain. STUDY DESIGN A total of 20 patients having carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy are selected to find out the effectiveness of nerve and tendon gliding exercises on them. The duration of study per patient 4 weeks Treatment session 10 minutes per session / 2settings Treatment per week 7 days DURATION OF STUDY: 6 months OUTCOME Relief of pain and swelling in hand. An improvement in the functional ability of hand. Awareness is created for the working pregnant women especially with computers, typewriters, cake decorators, postal workers, dentists, and dental technicians virtually, who use their hands and wrists repetitively. Avoiding the severity of median nerve injury, which may lead to claw hand if unnoticed. INTRODUCTION Sir James Paget first described carpal Tunnel Syndrome in 1854 but Moeirisch coined the term. It is a syndrome of compression neuropathy of median nerve at the wrist. INTRODUCTION: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome results in considerable discomfort and pain, limitation of activities of daily living, loss of sleep and work disability. (Levine et al., 1993). The Carpal Tunnels floor is made up of the 8 tiny wrist bones. Its roof is a thick ligament called the transverse carpal ligament. 9 tendons pass through this tunnel. 4 of the 9 tendons bend the tips of the finger, another 4 of the 9 tendons bend the middle joints of the finger, and the 9th tendon bends the thumb tip. The median nerve passes through this tunnel. When there is swelling or if there is thickening of the ligament the nerve gets pinched or compresses. With enough compression carpal tunnel symptoms occur. If the compression is severe or occurs over a longer period of time the nerve may change shape and flatten causing some permanent damage. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome occurs due to many causes like Wrist injury CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME IN PREGNANCY Carpal tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is more frequent in pregnancy because the systemic process increases the extra capsular fluid retention by the hormone Prolactin and produce soft tissue swelling in the later stages (third trimester) of their pregnancies. The Carpal Tunnel Syndrome can thus be produced by compression or swelling of the median nerve in its synovial sheath (Gelberman et al., 1981; Snell, 2000; Szabo, 1989; Primal Pictures, 2001; Rempel et al., 1999). CTS have been recognized as a common complication of pregnancy (HeckmanSassard, 1994). The pathophysiology of pregnancy related CTS (PRCTS) has been mostly attributed to redistribution of fluids (Ekman-Ordeberg et al., 1987; Wand, 1990; Pauda et al.,2001). Signs And Symptoms 1.Pain that shoots from the hand up the arm as far as the shoulder. 2.Tingling in the hands during the day or the night that disrupts sleep and limits the ability to grasp objects with the hands. 3.Weak feeling in the hands, and the inability to pick up small objects. 4. The feeling that the hands are swollen, even if they do not appear to be so. 5.Burning numbness and tingling sensation in the thumb and first three fingers. 6.Weakness in the muscle at the base of the thumb, near the palm. Motor weakness will be seen in abductor pollicis brevis, flexor polices brevis and opponens policis brevis. Passive flexion or hyperextension of the affected hand at the wrist for more than one minute may worsaen symptoms.(Phalen.G.S.,1966). Percussion of the median nerve at the wrist causes paresthesis of the digits (Steward.J.D.,1978). Early Treatment 1.Splinting the wrist in a neutral position. 2.Avoiding the activities which causes pain if possible 3.Tendon and nerve gliding exercises. 4.Massaging 5.Elevating the arm or flicking 6.Neural mobilization 7.Ultrasound, icing, as pain relieving modality etc. Non operative treatment s is more effective in early stageas such as NSAIDS and local corticosteroids injections.If the probl;em is severe surgery is made to release the carpal tunnel. Diagnostic criteria Harrington etal suggested surveillance criteria for carpal tunnel syndrome should be pain or parasthesia or sensory losss in the median nerve distribution and one of the following: Tinels sign positive Phalens test positive Nocturnal exacerbation of symptoms Motor loss with wasting of the abductor pollicis brevis Abnormal nerve conduction studies. Nocturnal and exertonal dyesthesias in the radial half of the palm occur in 10% to 25% of pregnant women. When the carpal tunnel syndrome occurs, the symptoms area more often bilateral. Onset of symptoms is typical during the third trimester. Because of itas trnsient nature carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy is best treated by using conservative measures, such as tendon and nerve gliding exercises. That subsequent pregnanciesaraae frequently associated with repeated episodes of carpal tunnel syndrome confirms the association of carpal tunnel syndrome and pregnancy. Gliding Exercises Tendon gliding and median nerve-gliding exercises are two types of exercises that may help with carpal tunnel syndrome. These exercises are thought to relieve pressure on the median nerve and stretch the carpal ligaments, which also helps decrease pressure. They are aolso thought to help blood fow out of the carpal tunnel, which can help decrease fluid pressure. Fist Flexion Exercises Fist Flexion Exercises(also known as tendon gliding exercises) move your fingers through five positions while your wrist stays in a neutral position(meaning it is not bend). To perform this exercise, do the following: 1.Start with your fingers straight. 2.Make a hook fist and then return to a straight hand. 3.Make a straight fist and then return to a straight hand. 4.Make a full fist andthen return to a straight hand. Hold each positons for seven seconds amd do 10 repetitions. Repeat three times to five timeas a day. Median Nerve Gliding Exercises For median nerve gliding exercises ou move yout thumb through 6 positi0nswhile your wrist stays a neutral position. To perform this exercise, do the following: 1.Begin by making a fist with your wrisat in the neutral position. 2.Straigthen your fingers anad thumb. 3.Bend your wrist back and move your thumb away from your palm 4.Turn your wrist palm up 5.Use your other hand to gently pull uyout thumb farther away from your palm. Hold each position for seven seconds, and do five repetitions. Repeat three ti five times a day. Effectiveness of the Tendon and nerve gliding exercises used as conservative treatment approachesd in relieving the symptoms of the carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy.(Lamia Pinar, Asgel Enhos et al.,) Definition Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition caused by compression of median nerve within the carpal tunnel leads to sensory changesover the lateral side of the hand and muscle weakness in thenar eminence, results in pain, numbness and tingling of fingers. It usually occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy. Aim of Study A STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF NERVE AND TENDON GLIDING EXERCISES AS TREATMENT APPROACH TO CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME DURING PREGNANCY. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to determine from the available evidence the effectiveness of Nerve and Tendon gliding exercises programme in carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy using Functional Status Scale for performance and Visual Analogue scale for wrist pain. HYPOTHESIS NULL HYPOTHESIS There may not be no significance between the nerve and tendon gliding exercise programme and carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. Alternate Hypothesis Nerve and Tendon Gliding Exercise programme will be effective in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. Review of literature 1.Lamia Pinar, Asgel Enhos et.al Conducted an experiment study on total of 26 patients with caroal tunnel syndrome were divided into two groups. In one group the volar splint were applied and trained to modify their functional activities in accordance witrh conservative treatment. In group two tendon gliding exercises were continued for 4 weeks with numeric rating scale and Gonuiometry. It comcluded that group two reported excellent results in pain reduction and functional improvement than gropup one. 2.Akaline.E.,et.al.,(2002) Conducted an experimental study on carpal tunnel syndrome with a total of 28 patients with 36 hands of CTS, which were divided into two groups, with 14 patients each. One group was treated with nerve and tendon gliding exercises along with custom made neutral volar splint, and another group was treataed with only neutral volar splint for 4 weeks continuously. Patientas satisfaction was invesatigated during the follow up ranging from 5-11 month, with a mean of 8 month. The study explained that, of those patients who performed nerve and tendon gliding exercise with wearing custom made neutral volar splint, 93% reported good results, and of those patients who have only wearing neutral volar splint, 72% reported good results. American Journal of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, 2002, Feb;81(2), Pp:108-13). 3.Rosemaryn .L.M., et.al.,(1998) Conducted an experimental study on carpal tunnel syndrome with 240 hands, from 197 patients. They were divided into two groups. Patients in both groups were treated with standard conservative methods, and those in one group were also treated with a program of nerve and tendon gliding exercise of those who did not perform the nerve and tendon gliding exercise, 71.2% underwent surgery compared with only 43.0% of patients who did perform them. Patient in experimental group, who did not undergo surgery were interviewed at an average follow-up time of 23 months (range, 14-38 months), of these 53 patients, 47(89%) responded to this detailed interview of those 47, who responded, 70.2% reported good or excellent results, 19.2% remained symptomatic, and 10.6% were non-complaint.(Journal of Hand Therapy, 1998, Jul-Sep:11(3),171-9). 4.Dakowick.A.,(2005) the purpose of the study was to evaluate the usefulness in conservative treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. 40 Patients aged 30-72 years, with unilateral CTS cofirmed by EMG examination were included. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on clinical symptoms according to Whitley. The character of pain, its frequency and intensity (VAS Scale) were determined using parameter. Decrease in pain was observed by the usae of VAS. (Rock Akad Med Bialmyst, 2005:50-suppi:196-8). 5.Bonebrake.A.R.,et.al.,(1990) the study was designed to assess the efficacy of a proposed new and unique programme relative to treatment. The patients diagnosed as CTS were compared to control to a control population showing no symptoms. Prior to undergoing treatment and following completion of the treatment programme. Results indicate that individuals with CTS had significantly lower values in strength, ROM, and slower task performance than did the control;ratings of pain anad distress were also significantly higher than the control groups. Analysis of the post treatmaent cases revealed statistically significant improvements in several measures of up to statistically significant improvements in several measure of up to 25% over post treatment values. Significant improvement was also shown to several ROM measures of upto 22%. Finally, a significant reduction of 15% pain and distress ratings was demonstrated in the post treatment cases. (Journal of Manipulative Physical Therapy, 1994 (May);17(4):246-249). 6.Scrimsha.S.R.,et.al.,(2001) Conducted a comparative study between the responsiveness of Visual analogue scale and McGill pain questionnaire. Measures in 75% patients and concluded that the VAS was a better tool than the McGill pain questionnaire for measuring pain in clinical practise. 7.O.Baysal, Z.Altay et.al Conducted a study in 28 female patient with clinical and electrophysiologic evidence of bilateral carapal tunnel syndrome. They were divided into two groups. Group 1 received tendon gliding exercise with splinting. Group 2 received splinting with ultrasound for a period of 4 weeks with Visual analogue scale and Functional status scale. 8.Bringer TL.,Roger IC et.al conducted a randomized trial in totoal of 61 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. They were divided into four groups. Group 1 received neutral wrist and MCP exercise group. Group 2 received neutral wrist MCP exercise along with splint. Group 3 received wrist cock-up exercise and Group 4 received wrist cock-up exercise and tendon gliding exercise along with splintas perfoarmed 3 times a day. The tool used to asses the function is functional Status Scale and Symptom Severity Scale. There was significant effect in Group4. 9. Sonodyn, Sieman(2000) Conducted an experiment on study of 16 patients. They was treataed with Ultrasound for a period of 4 weeks and the pain was assessed. In this, 88% reported good reasult and reduction pain was assessed by using Visual Analogue Scale. 10. Davis.P.T.,et. al., (1998) Conducted an experimental study to compare the efficiency of conservative management care with chiropractic care in treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. The group with 9 week of treatment and a 1 month follow-up interview. 96 eligible patients with symptoms were conformend by clinical exam and nerve conduction studies. Conservative treamtment included mobilization of carpal bone, soft tissues, joints (three treatment per week for 2 wee, two treatment per week for 3 week, and one treatment per week for 4 wek). Main outcomes measures were pre and post assessment of self reported physical and mental distress, nerve-conduction studies, results show that there was significant improvement in perceived function and comfort, neve conductuion and finger sensation. (Journal of Manipulative Physiotherapy, 1999 June;22(55);348-9) 11. FD Burke, J Ellis, H McKenna, M J Bradley(2003) Carpal Tunnel syndrome of mild to moderate severity can often be effectively treated in a primary care environment. Work space modifications wrist splints tendon and nerve gliding exercises are of benefit and useful for symptomatic women in the third trimester of pregnancy. 12.Shaafi Sh*, Naimain Sh*, Iromlou H*, Sayyah Melli M** A convenience sample of 90 pregnant women (30 women from each trimester) were referred from Al-Zahra Hospital of the electrodiagnostic ward of examined clinically and then by electroneurodiagnostic tests.There were suspected symptoms of CTS in 45 patients. The most frequent symptom and sign were hands paresthesia(34%) and positive tinel and phalen sign(each22%). CTS was definite diagnosis in 15 women(16.6%) by electroneurodiagnostic studies. Mild bilateral involvement was seen in 73.3% of patients. There was a meaningful relationship between CTAS and trimester that 26.6% of patients were at third trimester. Also there was a meaningful relation to age. The CTS was more frequent in ilder women. 13.BaumannF, Karlikaya G, Yuksel G, Citci B, Kose G, Tireli H(2007) Pregnant women in the third trimesater (n=69) and age-matched non-pregnant women (n=40) asymptomatic for CTS were included in the studyNerve conductn studies of themedian and the ulnar nerves across the carpal tunnel were bilaterally performed with the standard techniques. All the median sensory nerve conduction studies performed from the ring finger and palmar region to the wrist. Median sensory nerve latencies from palmar branches to wrist were significantly longer in the pregnant group.(p 14. OConner.D.,et.al.,(2002) Conducted an experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of non surgical treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome versus a placebo or other non-surgical control interventions in improving clinical outcome. Twenty ine trials involving 884 people were included. In one trial involving 21 people carpal bone mobilization significantly improved symptoms after three weeks, (weighted mean difference is -1.43;95% confidence interval is 2.19 to -0.67), compared to no treamtment. Current evidence shows significant short term bebefit from carpal bone mobilization. (Cochrane Databasae syst Rev.2003;(1):CD003219). MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY FULL PAGE MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY MATERIALS USED Couch Chair Pillow Foot stool VAS SCALE FUNCTIONAL STATUS SCALE METHODOLOGY STUDY DESIGN Quasi experimental study with Pre Vs.Post test design. STUDY SAMPLING The 10 samplings were selected from Retna Global Hospital, Trichy and Thanthai Roever College of Physiotherapy, perambalur. A total number of 10 subjects were diagnosed as symptomatic Carpal Tunnel syndrome during pregnancy at age group of years was selected by Quasi-experimental purposive random sampling method after giving due consideration to inclusion and exclusion criteria. STUDY SETTING The study was conducted at Outpatient Physiotherapy Department in Thanthai Roever College of Phsiotherapy, Perambalur, Rathna Global Hospital, EMG Laboratory in PG Studies under the supervision of concerned authority. STUDY DURATION The study was conducted for a period of 4 weeks. INCLUSION CRITERIA Pregnant women with pain and swelling in the wrist for 1 month. Both unilateral and bilateral involvement. Age 25 years and 32 years. EXCLUSIVE CRITERIA Non pregnant women with carpal tunnel syndrome. Pregnant women having other complications like hypothyroidism, diabetes which may lead to carpal tunnel syndrome. Any other trauma related injuries. Abnormal X-Ray of the wrist. Males. Gained surgical of symptoms. History of steroid injection into the carpal tunnel. PARAMETER A.VISUAL ANALOGUE SCALE(VAS) The VAS Scale is the valid and reliable measurement tool for pain.It is used to measure the pain response that the patient experience before and after nerve and tendon gliding exercises of median nerve. VAS Scale consists of 10cm horizontal line with two ends labeled as no pain(0) and severe pain(10), the patient will mark a point on the line, which corresponds to the intensity of pain what theyexperience. B.FUNCTIONAL STATAUS SCALE(FSS) Functional Status Scale was used to measure the functional disability offhand. It consists of six items of questionnaire (writing, buttoning of clothes, holding a book while reading, household, carrying grocery bags, bathing and dressing). SCORING 06-12 -No difficulty 13-18 -Mild difficulty 19-24 -Moderate difficulty 25-29 -cannot do at all due to hand or wrist symptoms. PROCEDURE A total of 10 subjects with symptomatic carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy was selected randomly with due consideration to inclusion an exclusion criteria A brief demonstration was given about tendon and nerve gliding techniques for the patient. Pre test data and post taest data was collected with VAS and FSS Scale. The results were recorded. The subjects weare given nerve and tendon gliding exercises. The results of post test of the same parameter was recorded and compared. Statistical tools The statistical tool used in this study were paired t-test. PAIRED T-TEST à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœt-test was used to find out the statistical significance between Pre and Post test values of tendon and nerve gliding exercises and VAS pain response and FSS Scale response before and after treatment. FORMULA: PAIRED T-TEST S= à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœdà ¢Ã‚ Ã‚ ¿ d =Difference between the Pre Test Vs post Test _ d= Mean difference n=Total number of subjects S=Standard deviation DATA PRESENTATION DATA PRESENTATION TABLE-1 S.No Visual Analogue scale Pre Test Post Test Functional Status Scale Pre Test Post Test 1. 8 4 27 16 2. 7 3 27 12 3. 8 5 26 15 4. 9 4 29 13 5. 7 2 25 15 6. 8 4 25 12 7. 9 3 28 16 8. 7 4 28 16 9. 8 2 27 17 10. 8 3 28 14 DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of the Datas collected from 10 patients with carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy and the effect of nerve and tendon gliding exercises aas a treatment approach to carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy by comparing the VAS Scale for pain response and FSS for functional ability. TABLE II The table II shows the mean value, mean diference, standard deviation and paired t value between pre and post test value of Visual Analogue Scale for patientas whao have been subjected to tendon anad nerve gliding exercises. VAS Mean Mean difference Standard deviation Paired t value Pre test Post test 7.9 3.4 4.5 1.07 13.28 It explains the paired t value of pre and post test value was 13.28 at 0.05 level of significance which was greate than the tabulated t value 2.26. This showed that there was a statistical significant difference between pre versus post test. The pre test mean was 7.9 the post test mean waas3.4 and the difference was 4.5 which showed that there was a reduction in Visual Analogue Scale score in post test values in which the recovery of selected samples in response to intervention. THEREFORE THE STUDY IS REJECTING THE NULL HYPOTHESIS AND ACCEPTING THE ALTERNATE HYPOTHESIS. Graph Visual analogue scale: Pretest VS Post test Series1: Pretest Series2: Posttest Functional Status Scale: Pre test Vs Post Test Series1: Pretest Series2: Posttest TABLE III Table III representas the mean values,mean difference, standard deviation and paired t value of Functional Status Scale who have been subjected to tendon and nerve gliding exercises. FSS Score Mean Mean difference Standard deviation Paired t value Pre test Post test 27.1 14.6 12.5 2.22 17.7 It explains the paired t value of pre versus post sessions awas 17.7 at 0.05 level of significance which was greater than the tabulated t value 2.26. this showed that there was a statistical significant difference between the pre and post test resultas. The pr tesat ment was 27.1, the post test ment was 14.6,and the difference was 12.5 which showed that there was a reduction in functional status scale score in post test values in which recovery of the selected samples in response to intervention. Thrrefore the study is rejecting the null hypothesis and accepting the alternate hypothesis. Graph DISCUSSION DISCUSSION The aim of the study was to determine the effect of tendon and nerve gliding excercises in reducing the pain and improving the functional ability of hand in patient with carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. Carpal tunnel syndrome is most common and significant of all nerve entrapment syndromes (Phalen.G.S. 1972). It causes 20% of all compression syndromes especially in the third trimester of pregnancies. A total number of 10 subjects of age group of 25-32 years were selected for the study. Visual Analogue Scale for pain and Functional Status Scale for functional ability were taken as parameters to measure the affliction of patients. Pre test data has collected for the subjects and computed. They were subjected to tendon and nerve gliding exercises for 4 weeks. The result of post teat of same parameter was recorded for comparison after 4 weeks of treatment. The paired t test was used to compare the pre VS post test results of subjects. Caarpal tunnel syndrome is a common condition among people who do repetitive wrk all day lke punching keys on computer or cash register or even pressing on the strings of a violin. Pregnant women are also susceptible to carpal tunnel syndrome even if they do not type or play msic all day. The studies have shown that one out of four pregnant women complains of the syndrome usually in the second or third trimester of pregnancy when fluid retention in the aarms and hands is more likely to put pressure on the nerve that leads to the hands anad fingers. The nervous system is normally under some pressure and tension. If the tension is breaked there results some movement(Millesi.et.al.1972). Dackowicz . A.,, conducted an study to evaluate the usefulness in conservative treatment of the carpal tunnel syndrome. According to Butler neural tissue requires movement to promote healing and restoration of optimum mechanical properties.Decreased neural mobility and adverse mechanical tension in nervous system can generate pain.(Butler and Elvey 1978). Mchellan and Swash in 1976 noted that wrist and fingers extensor wil move the median nerve at wrist 2 or 4 times more than the middle of the upper arm. According to Asgel Enhos tendon requires movement to promote functional ability. Rosmaryn and Asgel Enhos said that the decreased tendon gliding in nervous system can generate pain. Rosmaryn proposed that radicular pain might be mobilizing the involved nerve. The mechanical respose is tendon movement in the cross sectional shape and viscoelastic function. So the treatment of tendon Gliding Exercise mah normalize the pressure gradient around the nervous system and releases the tendon thus reducing pain improving functional ability. Summary Summary The objective of the study was to determine from the available evidence the effectiveness of tendon and nerve gliding exercises programmed in reducing pain and of increasing the functional ability in the carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. To conduct the study, the total number of 10 carpal tunnel pataients during pregnancy with both unilateral and bilateral involvement at the age group 25 to 32 years, who were suitable for inclusive criteria was selected by Quasi experimental purposive random sampling technique and informed consents were obtained from subjects individually. The pre and post test of VAS and FSS were conducted and recorded before and after treatment programmed for 4 weeks of nerve and tendon gliding exercises inmcarpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy. The paired t test is used to compare the pre and post test values of nerve anad tendon gliding exercises and the pain and functional ability are computed by the VAS and FSS Scale. In the analysis and interpretation of the data based on the Visual Analogue Scale for pain the paired t- test value (13.28), which was greater than the tabulated paired t test val